Magnets are typically used in induction motors to generate mechanical energy from electrical energy. Electrical energy sets the axle of the induction motor in motion and anything that is hooked up to the axle also starts to turn. Windings, or coils of wire, are used in induction motors to create this result.
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The fact that magnetic currents got created in electric fields was discovered by Hans Christian Oersted by as early as 1820 in the course of his experiments with electricity. The effect of electricity on magnetic currents is that it causes magnets to either repel or attract each other. This means that if a wire were attached to a magnet, it would either get pulled or pushed by the effect of electric current on the magnet.
On the heels of this discovery, it was also discovered by Michael Faraday that changing magnetic fields could cause wires that were nearby to create electric current. The best result could be produced if the wires were wound up in coils.
The combination of these two discoveries led to windings that are used in induction motors.
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The magnets and winding are the core components of the induction motor, which also features a rotating axle. Such windings are therefore called rotor windings. These rotor windings are oriented in a manner as to oppose the original magnetic field with the magnetic field created by them. When the rotor windings are exposed to magnetic fields, an electric current gets generated due to the opposing magnetic field, causing the axle to rotate.
An induction motor may use electromagnets made out of windings instead of permanent magnets. These are called stator windings as they are stationary. When electrical current passes through these stator windings, it generates a magnetic field that sets the axle of the induction motor in motion, hence creating mechanical energy.
Iron is typically used in all types of induction motors. This is mainly because iron has a very high magnetic quality and is capable of concentrating and multiplying the magnetic field created by the windings, affecting a very powerful result. Hence, in stator windings, you will find that the wire is coiled around an iron core.
Rotor and Stator Windings
There are some very fundamental differences between Rotor and Stator Windings:
To begin with, rotor windings do not need an external supply of electricity like stator windings. In the case of rotor windings, the electric current comes from the coils. Stator windings, on the other hand, need to be plugged to a power source. Also, in the case of stator windings, the most essential feature is the way the wires are connected: each stator winding shows windings that are opposite in direction from those on the other side. Also, stator winding has multiple coils of wires hooked up to each other in a series. At the end of every wire is a connection to the beginning of the next wire.
